Problem
1. Explain the distinction between a type x and a reference type ref(x). Under what circumstances would you choose to use a reference type?
2. Consider the E-R diagram in Figure 2.11, which contains composite, multivalued and derived attributes.
a. Give an SQL:1999 schema definition corresponding to the E-R diagram. Use an array to represent the multivalued attribute, and appropriate SQL:1999 constructs to represent the other attribute types.
b. Give constructors for each of the structured types defined above.