1) You are required to transmit 7000-octet datagram over an Ethernet connection, which has a maximum payload of 1,300 octets. Hence, fragmentation is needed here. Work out the number of fragments needed; supporting it with justification on your answer. In each of the resulting fragments, outline its Length, More Flag and Fragment Offset Values.
2) A TCP segment consisting of 4100 bits of data and 160 bits of header is sent to the IP layer, which appends another 160 bits of header. This is then transmitted through two (2) networks, each of which uses a 24-bit packet header. The destination network has a maximum packet size of 850 bits. How many bits, including headers, are delivered to the network layer protocol at the destination?
3)Given the binary value of ‘1100101', apply simple even parity checks to:
i) conclude the resulting binary value; and
ii) explain how the said error detection technique would detect transmission error.
b. Given the following binary values ‘1010100' , ‘1101101' , ‘1010010' and ‘1000010' , apply longitudinal odd parity checks to:
i) conclude the resulting binary value; and
ii) explain how the said error detection technique would detect transmission error.
4) a. Encrypt the following plaintext into cipher-text using Polyalphabetic Substitution-based Ciphers.
plaintext = UNDERSTAND HOW BOTH ANALOG AND DIGITAL INFORMATION CAN BE ENCODED AS EITHER ANALOG OR DIGITAL SIGNALS
key = STUDYING
b. Based on the encrypted result in question 5 a., encrypt further the cipher-text using Transposition-based Ciphers with the key ‘NETWORK'.