Assignment:
Reading the following chapters are given below is:
1. Securing and Searching the Crime Scene
2. Recording the Crime Scene
3. Collection of Crime Scene Evidence
4. Physical Evidence
5. The Crime Lab
Questions:
1. The Scientific Method involves testing a hypothesis within its steps but also includes
a. Formulating a question worthy of investigation.
b. Formulating a reasonable hypothesis to answer the question.
c. Upon validation of the hypothesis, it becomes suitable as scientific evidence.
d. a and c
e. All of the above
2. Examples of securing a crime scene should include the boundaries of the crime scene must be secured with crime scene tape, ropes, or cones and that the secured area should include the area where the crime took place and the surrounding area where physical evidence may be located.
a. evidence, police officers
b. vehicles, physical evidence
c. boundaries, physical evidence
d. None of the above
3. Daubert Criteria for admissibility and validity of scientific evidence includes
a. Whether the scientific technique or theory can be tested
b. Whether the technique has been subject to peer review and publication
c. The years of a police officer's experience
d. Existence and maintenance of equipment used for the testing of evidence
e. a and b
f. a and c
g. All of the above
4. The responsibilities of the first officer at the scene include
a. Acquiring medical assistance for injured victims
b. Detaining any potential suspects or witnesses
c. Securing the crime scene to the greatest extent possible
d. Calling for any additional personnel needs, such as other officers and/or forensic investigators
e. a and c
f. All of the above
5. A detailed log is kept of personnel movements in and out of the crime scene. This log should primarily include
a. personnel names and time of entry or exit.
b. vehicle license plate numbers.
c. the weather conditions.
d. your opinion of what occurred at the scene.
6. The walkthrough of the scene involves your initial survey of the crime scene and things taken into account should include a/an
a. perpetrator's point of entry and exit are located.
b. indirect path is taken to the center of the crime scene.
c. obvious items of evidence are located and documented.
d. a only
e. c only
f. All of the above
7. Photographs taken at a crime scene should
a. show the only a portion of the crime scene
b. show the position of collected and uncollected evidence
c. show the point of view of police officers upon arrival
d. a and c
e. b and d
8. Departing the Crime Scene should include the following checklist of things to do
a. The experienced lead investigator decides when all pertinent physical evidence has been recorded and collected at the crime scene.
b. A final survey is undertaken to visually review the scene and collect all evidence and equipment.
c. Following the final survey, the crime scene is released to the proper authorities.
d. b only
e. All of the above
9. Crime Scene Notes begin when the investigator is contacted and requested to report to the crime scene. They should include
a. The identity of the person who contacted the investigator
b. Time of contact and arrival at the crime scene
c. Preliminary case information
d. Personnel present on arrival and those being contacted
e. a and c
f. All of the above
10. Which photographs are usually taken first?
a. Overview
b. Medium
c. Close-Up
d. None of the above
11. For a factual, unbiased reconstruction of the crime, the investigator, relying upon his or her training and experience, must not overlook any pertinent evidence.
a. True
b. False
12. Grid Search Patterns involve two or more investigators form a grid by searching in line patterns that overlap and are perpendicular to each other.
a. True
b. False
13. Quadrant/Zone Search Patterns involve the crime scene is divided into smaller sections (zones) with one or more investigators then being assigned to search each zone.
a. True
b. False
14. A digital photograph is made when a light-sensitive microchip captures light on each of millions of tiny picture elements, called pixels.
a. True
b. False
15. Bloodstain photography requires photographs of all pertinent stains and determined area of convergence or area of origin.
a. True
b. False
16. Latent fingerprint photography does not require photographs with a 1:1 scale.
a. True
b. False
17. The crime scene video does not include overview, medium-range, and close-up images.
a. True
b. False
18. An example of an Individual Characteristic is piece of evidence is when it can be compared only with a group and never with a single source.
a. True
b. False
19. An example of a Class Characteristic is determining whether or not a nylon fiber originated from a particular sweater, or that a paint chip came from a suspect car in a hit and run.
a. True
b. False
20. Forensic pathologists, in their role as medical examiners or coroners, are charged with determining cause, manner, and time of death.
a. True
b. False
21. Crime scene investigators are not responsible for ascertaining pre-mortem locations of the body and whether any post-mortem movement of the body occurred.
a. True
b. False
22. If biological or bloodstained materials are stored in airtight containers, the accumulation of moisture may encourage the growth of mold, which can destroy the evidential value.
a. True
b. False
23. Contamination is a key concern during the collection of DNA-containing specimens such as blood, saliva, sweat or skin cells; however, contamination cannot occur either by coughing or sneezing in a crime scene.
a. True
b. False
24. The forensic autopsy consists of an external examination and an internal examination.
a. True
b. False
25. The manner in which death occurred is classified in death certificates as one of five categories: Homicide, Suicide, Accidental, Natural, and Undetermined.
a. True
b. False
26. A pathologist can never give an exact time of death.
a. True
b. False
27. Livor mortis results in the loss of heat by a body as general rule the body loses heat by 1 to 1 1/2 degrees Fahrenheit per hour until the body reaches the environmental temperature.
a. True
b. False
28. Algor mortis results in the settling of blood in areas of the body closest to the ground (begins 20 minutes to three hours on death and continues up to 16 hrs.).
a. True
b. False
29. Forensic Anthropology is the study of insects and their relation to a criminal investigation, commonly used to estimate the time of death.
a. True
b. False
30. Physical evidence encompasses any and all objects that can establish that a crime has been committed or can provide a link between a crime and its victim or a crime and its perpetrator.
a. True
b. False
31. An Entry/Exit Log is a list of all persons who came into possession of an item of evidence.
a. True
b. False
32. The removal of any evidence from a person or from the scene of a crime must be done in conformity with Sixth Amendment privileges.
a. True
b. False
33. Surgery in its broadest definition is simply the examination of a body after death (i.e., a postmortem examination).
a. True
b. False
34. Forensic Astrology is concerned primarily with the identification and examination of human skeletal remains.
a. True
b. False
35. Each different item or similar items collected at different locations must be placed in separate containers.
a. True
b. False
36. In a highly populated crime scene, it is standard procedure to allow civilians and unauthorized personnel are excluded from the crime scene.
a. True
b. False
37. Calling for any additional personnel needs, such as other officers and/or forensic investigators usually depends upon the nature of the crime scene.
a. True
b. False
38. During the initial scene assessment, special attention is paid to items or conditions that suggest timing of the incident or do not appear to belong.
a. True
b. False
39. Physical evidence can be anything from massive objects to microscopic traces
a. True
b. False
40. In a Quadrant/Zone Search pattern, the crime scene is searched by allowing investigators to wander into sections they choose to be relevant and important, on their own, with no direction by the forensic investigator.
a. True
b. False
41. Forensic science is the application of ____________________to criminal and civil laws.
42. ____________________states that when a criminal comes in contact with an object or person, a cross-transfer of evidence occurs.
43. A ____________________Unit examines body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons.
44. An expert witness is an individual who the ____________________determines possesses knowledge relevant to the trial that is not expected of the average person.
45. The ____________________witness is called on to evaluate evidence based on specialized training and experience that the court lacks the expertise to do.
46. In the ruling for Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceutical, Inc., the U.S. Supreme Court asserted that ____________________were said to be ultimately responsible as "gatekeepers" for the admissibility and validity of scientific evidence presented in their courts, as well as all expert testimony.
47. ____________________photographs show the layout of smaller significant areas of the crime scene and are taken with evidence markers in place to show the spatial relationships between and among pieces of evidence in greater detail than the overview photographs.
48. ____________________photographs are taken last and show greater detail of individual objects or evidence.
49. A ____________________ sketch is created at the crime scene and contains an accurate depiction of the dimensions of the scene and shows the location of all pertinent objects and features.
50. The goal of a forensic/medicolegal autopsy is to determine the ____________________of death and confirm the ____________________ of death, often to be used in criminal proceedings.