Exact Penalty Functions) Consider a problem where each function fij is convex over the entire real line, and there is a compact arc flow range
Suppose that we modify the problem by eliminating the bound constraints and by adding to the cost function the following penalty for their violation:
![](https://test.transtutors.com/qimg/3dea7e9c-c016-427a-a411-8c1b4b791bbe.png)