Table 10.2 outlines important juvenile cases throughout history. Choose three cases you believe have been most important in the development/evolution of juvenile justice and why.
Requirements:
2-3 pages double spaced
Use at least 3 reliable sources other than the text (not Wikipedia)
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Kent v. United States
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1966
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Established that juvenile transfers to adult court must consider due process and fair play, the child must be represented by an attorney and the attorney must have access the juvenile records of child
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In re Gault
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1967
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Required that the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment apply to proceedings in state juvenile courts, including the right of notice, the right to counsel, the right against self-incrimination and the right to confront witnesses
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In re Winship
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1970
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Established proof beyond a reasonable doubt as the standard for juvenile adjudication proceedings, eliminating lesser standards such as a preponderance of the evidence, clear and convincing proof and reasonable proof
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McKeiver v. Pennsylvania
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1971
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Established that a jury trial is not a required part of due process in the adjudication of a youth as a delinquent by a juvenile court
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Breed v. Jones
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1975
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Established that a juvenile cannot be adjudicated in juvenile court and then tried for the same offense in an adult court
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Oklahoma Publishing Co. v. District Court
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1977
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The process may report juvenile court proceedings under certain circumstances.
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Smith v. Daily Mail Publishing Co.
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1979
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As long as the information is lawfully obtained, the state cannot restrict the press from publishing a juvenile offender's name unless the restriction serves a substantial state interest
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Eddings v. Oklahoma
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1982
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Defendant's youthful age should be considered a mitigating factor in deciding whether to apply the death penalty
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Schall v. Martin
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1984
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Established that preventive detention fulfills a legitimate state interest of protecting society and juvenile by detaining those who might be dangerous to society or to themselves
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Thompson v. Oklahoma
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1988
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Minimum age for death penalty is set at 16
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Stanford v. Kentucky
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1989
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Minimum age for death penalty is set at 16
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Roper v. Simmons
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2005
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Minimum age for death penalty is set at 18
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