The following items were extracted from the 2008 financial records of Cummins, Inc. (dollars in millions):
Allowance for doubtful accounts 12 (cr.)
During the following year, the company wrote off $11 of accounts receivable as uncollectible and then estimated $9 of the year's receivables to be uncollectible. The company did not recover any previously written-off accounts.
a. Prepare the entry to record the bad debt expense.
b. Compute the final balance in allowance for doubtful accounts.