Problem 1: What type of variability (think in terms of systematic and unsystematic variability) is represented in the numerator and denominator of the F-ratio equation?
Problem 2: In terms of systematic and unsystematic variability, explain why an F-ratio < 1.00 will never be statistically significant.
Problem 3: Draw an image of the F-distribution below, and describe, using the image as a reference, why a two-tailed test of significance cannot be conducted for an ANOVA. (Hint. Focus on the values that are on the horizontal axis of the F-distribution and which statistic goes into the calculation of the F-ratio to answer the question.)