There is not enough evidence against the null hypothesis. Suppose that Is set at .05. Should different decisions be made if the p-value is 0.0499 or 0.0501? It seems unlikely that extremely minor differences in the p-value should lead to such dramatic differences in conclusions. Obvious tests In many cases, hypothesis testing is used when the evidence is obvious. For example, why would you even bother testing if the true mean is 50 ppm?