Disorders of Thyroid Function:
The disorders of thyroid function may lead to following problems:
Juvenile Hypothyroidism
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine problems of childhood. It may be either congenital or acquired. In this there is a deficiency in secretion of thyroid hormone (TH). It may present as decelerated growth, dry skin, puffiness around eyes, sparse hair, constipation, sleepiness and mental decline Therapeutic treatment consist of replacement of thyroid hormone.
Goiter
A goiter is an enlargement or hypertrophy of the thyroid gland. It can be congenital or acquired. Congenital disease usually occurs as a result of antithyroid drugs andlor iodides administered to the mother during pregnancy. The acquired disease can result from increased secretion of pituitary thyrotropic hormone in response to decreased circulating levels of TH, neoplastic or inflammatory processes, or dietary iodine deficiency. The enlargement of thyroid at birth can cause respiratory distress so immediate surgery is needed to remove the enlarged part of the gland. The replacement of thyroid hormone is necessary to treat hypothyrodism.