1. Discuss and explain what is meant by the following quote from the module: "Emotions are said to motivate behavior, particularly toward a goal."
2. According to Arousal Theory, a physiological response to an inducer or motivating agent consumes and expends energy, depending on the level of arousal. Discuss the following emotions in terms of expectations about the level of arousal and action readiness (the state of preparedness to execute a particular kind of behavior).
3. Emotions are clearly very subjective experiences. One of the key factors influencing emotional response is stimulus appraisal. Stimuli can be internal sensations and nervous system activation or external stimuli. Discuss the role of stimulus appraisal in dictating an emotional response. Discuss the role of cognition in this appraisal and also address the impact of a negative versus a positive stimulus on appraisal.
4. Emotions can occur in the absence of awareness. Several research studies implicate the role of the amygdala in mediating emotional responses to external stimuli in various species, including humans.