Assignment:
Privatization of Prisons
1. Introduction
The United States has incarcerated at least 1.5 million people, making it the country with the highest number of people behind bars.
In the United States, private companies run prisons for both the federal government and the 29 states.
The privatization of prisons contributed towards efficiency of services, quality of services, and saving of finances.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Privatizing Prisons
Advantages
Private prisons are cheaper for tax payers
There is an economic benefit to the local community
Easy to maintain the prison population
Lower rates if reoffending
Prison facilities can be used for various purposes.
Disadvantages
Prisoners end up serving longer sentences behind bars
Private prisons do not house costly prisoners
The community can be left with costly facilities which are empty
They are more violent as compared to government-operated prisons
Prisoners can be many miles away from their families.
Organized Crime
Introduction
The impacts of organized crimes are felt by almost every individual in their day to day lives
Organized crime is a global problem while its nature and activities are hard to understand.
Often, organized crime groups seek illicit profits as they size opportunities to infiltrate and control the government or private agencies
2. Types of Organized Crime
Drug trafficking
Immigrant smuggling
Human trafficking
Money laundering
Firearms trafficking
Illegal gambling
Wildlife and cultural property smuggling
Impacts of Organized Crime
Threatens peace and security of the people
Contributes to the violation of human rights
Undermines a country's and global economy
Undermines the civil development of societies
Undermines the social, cultural, and political aspects of the society
How to Curb Organized Crime
BUILDING INTERNATIONAL CAPACITY, PARTNERSHIPS, and cooperation
Enhancement of intelligence and information sharing
Protection of financial systems and strategic markets against transitional organized crimes
Disruption of drug trafficking
Facilitation of every existing transnational threats
Threatening interdiction, investigations, and prosecutions.
Terrorism
3. Introduction
Terrorism is defined as an unlawful act of violence and intimidation against the civilian population
Terrorism has been on the rise over the past few years
It is difficult to prevent acts of terrorism because of its sophisticated nature.
Types of Terrorism
Political terrorism (Broken down into sub-state terrorism, Social revolutionary terrorism. Nationalist-separatist terrorism. Religious extremist terrorism. Religious fundamentalist Terrorism. New religions terrorism.
Criminal terrorism
Pathological terrorism
Impacts of Terrorism
Ripple effect in the economy of the affected country
Direct economic destruction
Increased market uncertainty
Increase in national and foreign skeptism
Death of the victims of the act of terrorism
Strategies to Curb Terrorism
Attrition- Causing unbearable loss to the enemy
Intimidation- increasing counterterrorism control
Provocation- increasing recruitment and creating sympathizers
Outbidding- increasing counterterrorism control
Spoiling- a strategy of harming the enemy
4. Conclusion
This paper thoroughly discusses the privatization of prisons, terrorism, and organized crimes. It provides definitions of the three aforementioned main topics. Also, it shades lights on the effects of terrorism and organized crimes.
5. References
Gaes, G. G. (2019). Current status of prison privatization research on American prisons and jails. Criminology & Public Policy, 18(2), 269-293.
Rose, A. Z., Wei, D., Byrd, K., & John, R. (2021). Economic Impacts of Spillover Effects of Terrorism Countermeasures at Public Assembly Sites. Journal of Homeland Security and Emergency Management.
Gazepova, V. (2019). FORMS OF ORGANIZED CRIMES. Student's Social Science Journal, 1(8), 6-25.