Problem: Mr. Smith, a 68-year-old male, presents to the Urology clinic with frequent UTIs. He is here with his wife, Mrs. Smith. He complains of occasional, painless blood in the urine, and reports urgency and frequency. He denies any episodes of incontinence. His medical/surgical history includes sensorineural hearing loss, high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, arthritis, anxiety, two small bowel resections 13 years ago due to an abdominal hernia, and surgery related to a broken ankle as a teenager. He has a BMI of 23. It is noted that Mr. Smith worked in textile production for 40 years and is a 30-pack year smoker. He reports he has not smoked regularly in approximately 10 years, but admits he still smokes cigarettes in social settings. He states he has 4 adult children, who live out of state, and 9 grandchildren. Mrs. Smith appears to be supportive but is declining in health. Per request, Mr. Smith has brought a diary of foods and beverages he has consumed over the last week. He drinks 2 cups of coffee in the morning, 32 oz of water throughout the day, a diet Coke in the afternoon, and one alcoholic beverage with dinner 3 or 4 times a