Difference in the mean prices between the three stores what

Question

Question 1: Two boats, the Prada (Italy) and the Oracle (USA), are competing for a spot in the upcoming America's Cup race. They race over a part of the course several times. The sample times in minutes for the Prada were: 12.9, 12.5, 11.0, 13.3, 11.2, 11.4, 11.6, 12.3, 14.2, and 11.3. The sample times in minutes for the Oracle were: 14.1, 14.1, 14.2, 17.4, 15.8, 16.7, 16.1, 13.3, 13.4, 13.6, 10.8, and 19.0. For data analysis, the appropriate test is the t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances.

The next table shows the results of this independent t-test. At the .05 significance level, can we conclude that there is a difference in their mean times? Explain these results to a person who knows about the t test for a single sample but is unfamiliar with the t test for independent means.

Hypothesis Test: Independent Groups (t-test, unequal variance)
	Prada	Oracle
	12.170	14.875	mean
	1.056	2.208	std. dev.
	10	12	n
		16	df
		-2.7050	difference (Prada - Oracle)
		0.7196	standard error of difference
		0	hypothesized difference
		-3.76	t
		.0017	p-value (two-tailed)
		-4.2304	confidence interval 95.% lower
		-1.1796	confidence interval 95.% upper
		1.5254	margin of error

Question 2: The Willow Run Outlet Mall has two Haggar Outlet Stores, one located on Peach Street and the other on Plum Street. The two stores are laid out differently, but both store managers claim their layout maximizes the amounts customers will purchase on impulse. A sample of ten customers at the Peach Street store revealed they spent the following amounts more than planned: $17.58, $19.73, $12.61, $17.79, $16.22, $15.82, $15.40, $15.86, $11.82, $15.85. A sample of fourteen customers at the Plum Street store revealed they spent the following amounts more than they planned when they entered the store: $18.19, $20.22, $17.38, $17.96, $23.92, $15.87, $16.47, $15.96, $16.79, $16.74, $21.40, $20.57, $19.79, $14.83. For Data Analysis, a t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances was used.

At the .01 significance level is there a difference in the mean amount purchased on an impulse at the two stores? Explain these results to a person who knows about the t test for a single sample but is unfamiliar with the t test for independent means.

Hypothesis Test: Independent Groups (t-test, unequal variance)
	Peach Street	Plum Street
	15.8680	18.2921	mean
	2.3306	2.5527	std. dev.
	10	14	n
		20	df
		-2.42414	difference (Peach Street - Plum Street)
		1.00431	standard error of difference
		0	hypothesized difference
		-2.41	t
		.0255	p-value (two-tailed)
		-5.28173	confidence interval 99.% lower
		0.43345	confidence interval 99.% upper
		2.85759	margin of error

Question 3: Fry Brothers heating and Air Conditioning, Inc. employs Larry Clark and George Murnen to make service calls to repair furnaces and air conditioning units in homes. Tom Fry, the owner, would like to know whether there is a difference in the mean number of service calls they make per day. Assume the population standard deviation for Larry Clark is 1.05 calls per day and 1.23 calls per day for George Murnen. A random sample of 40 days last year showed that Larry Clark made an average of 4.77 calls per day. For a sample of 50 days George Murnen made an average of 5.02 calls per day. At the .05 significance level, is there a difference in the mean number of calls per day between the two employees? What is the p-value?

Hypothesis Test: Independent Groups (t-test, pooled variance)
	Larry	George
	4.77	5.02	mean
	1.05	1.23	std. dev.
	40	50	n
		88	df
		-0.25000	difference (Larry - George)
		1.33102	pooled variance
		1.15370	pooled std. dev.
		0.24474	standard error of difference
		0	hypothesized difference
		-1.02	t
		.3098	p-value (two-tailed)
		-0.73636	confidence interval 95.% lower
		0.23636	confidence interval 95.% upper
		0.48636	margin of error

Question 4: A consumer organization wants to know if there is a difference in the price of a particular toy at three different types of stores. The price of the toy was checked in a sample of five discount toy stores, five variety stores, and five department stores. The results are shown below.

Discount toy	Variety	Department
$12	15	19
13	17	17
14	14	16
12	18	20
15	17	19

An ANOVA was run and the results are shown below. At the .05 significance level, is there a difference in the mean prices between the three stores? What is the p-value? Explain why an ANOVA was used to analyze this problem.

One factor ANOVA
	Mean	n	Std. Dev
	13.2	5	1.30	Discount Toys
	16.2	5	1.64	Variety
	18.2	5	1.64	Department
	15.9	15	2.56	Total
ANOVA table
Source	SS	df	MS	F	p-value
Treatment	63.33	2	31.667	13.38	.0009
Error	28.40	12	2.367
Total	91.73	14

Question 5: A physician who specializes in weight control has three different diets she recommends. As an experiment, she randomly selected 15 patients and then assigned 5 to each diet. After three weeks the following weight losses, in pounds, were noted. At the .05 significance level, can she conclude that there is a difference in the mean amount of weight loss among the three diets?

Plan A	Plan B	Plan C
5	6	7
7	7	8
4	7	9
5	5	8
4	6	9

An ANOVA was run and the results are shown below. At the .01 significance level, is there a difference in the weight loss between the three plans? What is the p-value? What can you do to determine exactly where the difference is?

One factor ANOVA
	Mean	n	Std. Dev
	5.0	5	1.22	Plan A
	6.2	5	0.84	Plan B
	8.2	5	0.84	Plan C
	6.5	15	1.64	Total
ANOVA table
Source	SS	df	MS	F	p-value
Treatment	26.13	2	13.067	13.52	.0008
Error	11.60	12	0.967
Total	37.73	14