Problem: A 56-year-old man with a history of heavy alcohol consumption and a previous diagnosis of alcoholic cirrhosis and portal hypertension is admitted to the emergency department with acute gastrointestinal bleeding because of a tentative diagnosis of bleeding esophageal varices and signs of circulatory shock.
Relate the development of esophageal varices to portal hypertension in people with cirrhosis of the liver.
Many people with esophageal varices have blood coagulation problems. Explain.
Explain in detail with references