1. Simulating Birthdays
a. Develop a simulation for finding the probability that when 50 people are randomly selected, at least two of them have the same birth date. Describe the simulation and estimate the probability.
b. Develop a simulation for finding the probability that when 50 people are randomly selected, at least three of them have the same birth date. Describe the simulation and estimate the probability.
2. Genetics: Simulating Population Control A classic probability problem involves a king who wanted to increase the proportion of women by decreeing that after a mother gives birth to a son, she is prohibited from having any more children. The king reasons that some families will have just one boy, whereas other families will have a few girls and one boy, so the proportion of girls will be increased. Is his reasoning correct? Will the proportion of girls increase?