Discuss the below problem:
Q: Determine the probability of each of the following events occurring. State the approach to probability which you used and any assumptions which you needed to make.
(a) A person selected from the payroll of a company is a clerical worker given that there are 350 people on the payroll of whom 120 are clerical workers.
(b) A light bulb selected from a production line is defective if, out of 400 bulbs already tested, eight were defective.
(c) A new-born baby is male.
(d) This month's sales forecast for a product has an error of more than 10% if the forecast had an error of over 10% in 21 out of the last 60 months.
(e) A permanently manned space station is established on Mars by the year 2050.