Response to the following problem:
In a binary PAM system, the input to the detector is
ym = am + nm + im
where am = ±1 is the desired signal, nm is a zero-mean Gaussian random variable with variance σ2n , and im represents the ISI due to channel distortion. The ISI term is a random variable that takes the values -1 2 , 0, and ½ with probabilities ¼ , ½ , and ¼ , respectively. Determine the average probability of error as a function of σ2n .