Assignment Problem: Amplifier Circuits and Applications
Learning Outcome 1: Determine the operational characteristics of amplifier circuits.
Learning Outcome 2: Investigate the types and effects of feedback on an amplifier's performance.
ASSIGNMENT BRIEF:
You are an electronics technician at a hospital. Your job description entitles you to maintain proper operation of electronic devices by ensuring suitable design of various operational amplifier circuits. You face different scenarios based on the application of interest. In general, designing the amplifier front end is your responsibility.
Your Boss requests from you to get more knowledge about operational amplifiers to compare three different op-amps in terms of specifications by studying the data sheet of each of 741, LM324 and LM258 and answer the following questions:
i) the number of pins of each of the IC.
ii) Find the open-loop gain, bandwidth, CMRR, slew rate, Voltage offset, current offset, input and output impedance, recommended supply voltages, and power-bandwidth product. Tabulate your outcomes with evidence from the data sheets.
iii) Mention available amplifiers that you know explaining in brief their applications.
iv) Having a non-inverting amplifier with a closed loop gain of 10V/V. Use a sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 10 kHz , calculate the maximum amplitude of the output signal without distortion, Use the 741 Op-Amp.
v) Build a simple buffer circuit for the 741cand LM324 and calculate the slew rate, compare your findings with the results found in (ii) and discuss briefly the differences of both op amps.
vi) Build the circuit shown in figure (1) for both op-amps in (v) having R1 = R4 = 100k?, R3 = R2 = 100k? and RG = 2.2k? .Find the differential gain by having a sinusoidal input of 100mV amplitude and 1kHz frequency and common mode gain by having 1mV amplitude and 100kHz frequency. Discuss your results for both op-amps..
vii) Calculate the CMRR for the circuit in Figure (1). Compare your findings with the results found in (ii) and discuss briefly the differences of both op- amps.
viii) Simulate your circuits using MultisimTM. Do you obtain similar behaviour in simulation as obtained in datasheets?
Organize your findings in a table form, highlight the discrepancies and suggest possible causes. Email a soft copy of your files
Figure 1
You have to study the effect of the type of feedback on building op amp applications using 741 op-amp.
i) Explain the principle of operation of Figure 2. Explain limitations of this circuit in terms of practical applications. What is the technical name describing this circuit? What are the reference voltages at both op-amps
ii) For the circuit in (i), Assume the input is a triangular wave of 3V peak what is the expected output. Show your results by plotting the output at a full input waveform cycle.
iii) Explain the principle of operation of the op-amp in the first stage of Figure
3. What is the advantage of this circuit compared to Circuit in Figure 1? What is the technical name describing this circuit?
iv) Explain the principle of operation of the op-amp in the last stage of Figure
3. What is the advantage of this circuit compared to Circuits in (i) and (iii)? What is the technical name describing this circuit?
v) For the circuit in (iv), draw the block diagram of the feedback topology. Define the forward path gain A and feedback path gain β. Derive the overall circuit gain relating input to output.
vi) For the circuit shown in Figure 3,show with full analysis what the function of the circuit is, by plotting the different output that are generated by the circuit
vii) Simulate your circuits using MultisimTM. Organize your findings in a table form. Will the result be different by changing the operational amplifier to LM324? Explain.
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