1)(a) What are the IP addresses used or spanned used by the CIDR address 192.168.10.0/20?
(b) Describe the working of sliding window protocol by taking a suitable example in which window size is 3.
2)(a) What is the main drawback of Distance Vector Routing Protocols? Describe with the help of appropriate example how the problem occurs and write down the solution to correct that.
(b) Describe the difference between leaky bucket and token bucket congestion control algorithms.
3)(a) If you have to sketch a reliable byte-stream protocol which uses a sliding window like TCP. This protocol will run over a 1-Gbps network. RIT of network is 140ms, and maximum segment life is 60 seconds. How many bits would you include in an Advertised Window and SequenceNum fields of the protocol header.
(b) Write a detail note on Flow Control and buffering in TCP.
4) Illustrate and describe the relationship between TSAPs, NSAPs and Transport Connections.
5) Describe the process of connection establishment in TCP.