Assignment task:
During early civilization, health was viewed in mystical terms, with illness and cure tied to both natural and supernatural forces: Epidemics were considered in part as being caused by the gods exacting punishments on erring humans (Edelman & Kudzma, 2022, p. 70) People trying to survive epidemics in those times viewed health as the absence of illness (Edelman & Kudzma, 2022, p. 70). In the Middle Ages, Hippocrates, considered the father of modern medicine, broke free from society's mystical view of health and established that the environment plays a role in one's health: He proposed that individuals were made of four bodily fluids: black bile, yellow bile, phlegm, and blood, and an imbalance between these elements resulted in ill health (Badash et al., 2017: Conti, 2018). This led to bloodletting becoming a standard treatment for every disease (Conti, 2018). Scientific advancements during the Roman Empire led to a more holistic understanding of health: Galen, a prominent physician, included mental and emotional states in his definition of health (Badash et al., 2017). Since then, many other scholars have defined health in various terms, including Girolamo Fracastoro, an Italian physician who proposed the theory of "seminaria" or seeds of disease transmission, which laid the groundwork for infectious disease and helped pave the way for the modern germ theory (Conti, 2018). In recent times, there has been a renewed emphasis on the well-being of individuals, which has led to the development of comprehensive and interconnected definitions of health, taking into account diverse elements and their collaborative effects on health (Conti, 2018). This led to the definition of health by WHO as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease."(Conti, 2018). This definition by WHO set the stage for increased health promotion, which led to health being understood as including physical, mental, and spiritual wellness. (Falkner, 2022). This definition by WHO, however, has also been the subject of various scientific debates, showing that the exploration of the concept of health is an ongoing and evolving process (Conti, 2018).
Throughout history, the concept of health and the needs of society in a given era has determined the health promotion tactics employed. During the Roman Empire, the construction of sewer systems, public bathing houses, and freshwater channels was part of the effort to promote and maintain health (Badash et al., 2017). In the early part of the 20th century, health promotion was mainly geared toward disease prevention through vaccinations because infectious diseases were the cause of major deaths (Falkner, 2022; Edelman & Kudzma, 2022, p. 17). Today, although vaccination and disease prevention are integral parts of health promotion, health promotion has grown to encompass a broad range of programs and initiatives aimed at preventing chronic diseases and encouraging healthy lifestyles, such as staying physically active, healthy eating habits by including more fruits and vegetables while staying away from fast foods, and regular check-ups to prevent heart conditions, CVA and other chronic diseases. (Edelman & Kudzma, 2022, p. 17)
The use of EBP ensures positive health outcomes. In a study by Short (2019), the application of Evidence-based practice for central lines reduced the number of incidences of central line dislodgement from 19 to 1 and infection from 5 to 4. This indicates that EBP is an effective approach to improving health outcomes. By adopting health promotion interventions based on EBP, we can ensure that our patients receive the best possible care, resulting in positive health outcomes. Give to my classmate response with reference