Define Protein Requirement for Cancer Patients?
Both the metabolic stress of cancer, as well as, chemotherapy results in increased tissue catabolism. Hypoalbuminemia and anaemia are also very common. Tissue protein synthesis, a necessary component of healing and rehabilitation, requires essential amino-acids and nitrogen. Efficient protein utilization which depends upon protein: energy ratio help lo promote tissue anabolism, prevent catabolism and help build up body reserves.
An adult patient with average nutritional status will require 80-100 grams protein per day to meet maintenance needs and ensure anabolism. However a malnourished patient must consume 100-150 gm protein per day to replenish reserves and restore a positive nitrogen balance. Emphasis of course should be laid on the inclusion of high biological value protein rich food sources as milk, eggs, marine foods, and poultry. Renal and liver function tests must be closely monitored tinder such conditions.