Question 1: A multiplexer takes several data communication lines or signals and transforms them into one data communication line or signal at the sending location. Describe the fundamental methods of multiplexing.
Question 2: Write brief notes on:
a) Network quality of service.
b) Gateways.
c) Mobile Telephone system.
d) Geostationary satellites.
e) Ethernet.
Question 3: Explain the architectural framework of Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN).
Question 4: LAN is a privately owned network that spans over a size of up to a few kilometers in a building or a campus.
a) How can LAN are differentiated from other Networks.
b) Explain Wireless LAN.
Question 5: Read the given case study thoroughly and answer the given questions:
India is the second most populous country in the world. Even with abundant natural resources, it is still considered a developing country. In India, it is essential that research and development which has taken place in the field of communication should reach rural areas. This is because nearly 70% of the population lives in villages.
In India, physical infrastructure like roads and highways is still not fully developed. Wired communication needs digging of roads, laying of cables and erecting towers. It includes tremendous human effort and enormous capital outlay in the rural and hilly areas.
Therefore wireless communication implemented via satellites can play a vital role. Realizing the significance of satellite communication, India implemented Satellite Instructional Television Experiment (SITE) in 1975-76. This made it possible to broadcast educational and other programs related to family planning, agriculture and health issues through television sets even in the remote areas. This initiative helps in creating awareness and as well helps government in bringing developmental schemes to the door step of the masses.
The advantage of satellite communication is that, satellites can amplify the signals and resend it to thousands of stations on the ground at the same time. Digital TV and radio programs can directly reach the receivers found in the cars and homes via a satellite. For large organizations, it has become much cheaper to transmit commercial information to thousands of their dealers scattered across the globe by means of satellites.
Wired communication can simply get disrupted when the cables are damaged intentionally or unintentionally. Though, microwave satellite communication is not affected even in the adverse environmental conditions. Therefore, during the times of natural disasters, the physical infrastructure of wired communication may be destroyed. But still contact can be maintained with the affected people via the satellites. In addition, remote sensing satellites can be used to keep an eye on the enemy movements, determine the locations of natural resources, warn about impeding cyclones and exactly pinpoint the presence of fishes or submerged objects in the oceans or seas.
The other form of wireless communication is the mobile communication. Mobile handsets have made it possible for the people not only to converse among themselves however as well carry out banking and e-commerce transactions. Satellites have as well made it possible the implementation of Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) via which wireless Internet can be provided.
a) Highlight the benefits of wireless communication over wired communication.
b) In what ways, rural India has benefited via satellite communication.
Question 6: Describe World Wide Web in detail.