Discuss the below in 200 words each:
1. What are some characteristics and provisions of the cost of living escalator clauses and wage reopener arrangements that are part of the unions' efforts to adjust to the lack of dependability the Consumer Price Index (CPI) has demonstrated for future predictability?
2. What are three considerations in the wage determination criterion "ability to pay"? Why, by itself, can't the ratio of labor cost to total cost always be the formula of a company's wage-paying ability?