Problem 1: Compare and contrast DNA replication and transcription.
Problem 2: List at least 5 ways that gene expression can be regulated.
Problem 3: Predict the effect of the following mutations on Northern and Western blot analysis of the mRNA and protein expressed from a gene:
a. A mutation that decreases the binding of an activator protein to an enhancer sequence
b. A mutation that introduces a stop codon
c. A silent mutation
d. a mutation that changes one amino acid that prevents protein MW
e. a frameshift mutation in the second codon, altering every amino acid in the protein except the first one
Problem 4: Describe at least two examples of how PTMs (post-translational modifications) can affect protein function.
Problem 5: Trace the path of a secreted protein from its synthesis on ribosomes until its exocytosis.