1. Consideration by a leader is most likely to result in:
a. stronger subordinate commitment
b. stronger subordinate satisfaction
c. better coordination among subordinates
d. better subordinate performance
2. An important contribution of the research by Bowers and Seashore was the emphasis on:
a. peer leadership
b. situational factors
c. influence processes
d. critical incidents
3. Which of the following is least likely to be an outcome of leader supporting behavior?
a. better time management for the leader
b. reduced stress for the subordinates
c. more cooperative leader-subordinate relationships
d. lower absenteeism and turnover by subordinates
4. Fleishman and Harris found that grievances and turnover were lowest when:
a. consideration and initiating structure were both high
b. consideration and initiating structure were both low
c. consideration was high and initiating structure was low
d. consideration was low and initiating structure was high
5. According to Blake and Mouton, an effective leader would be most likely to:
a. consult with people about how to improve working conditions
b. consult with people about ways to improve productivity
c. ask people for small improvements in performance
d. pressure people to do more work
6. According to Blake and Mouton, effective leaders are most likely to:
a. have a high concern for the task and a moderate concern for relationships
b. have a moderate concern for the task, and a high concern for relationships
c. have a moderate concern for both the task and relationships
d. have a high concern for both the task and relationships
7. Which is not a method for developing behavior taxonomies?
a. distributive aggregation
b. judgmental classification
c. factor analysis
d. theoretical-deductive approach
8. Which of the following was not provided as a guideline for coaching?
a. provide constructive feedback about effective and ineffective behavior
b. ask specific questions to help the person analyze his or her performance
c. encourage the person to look at a problem from different perspectives
d. provide detailed instructions on how to carry out each assignment
9. Which was not mentioned as a reason for differences among behavior taxonomies?
a. education of the theorist
b. method of development
c. level of abstraction
d. purpose of taxonomy
10. What is the best conclusion from research on the high-high theory of leadership?
a. the research provides strong support for the additive model
b. the research provides strong support for the multiplicative model
c. the research provides strong support for both models
d. the research fails to provide strong support for either model
11. What was found in the research on participative leadership?
a. participative leadership does not affect subordinate performance
b. the more participation a leader uses, the more satisfied subordinates will be
c. participative leadership substantially improves subordinate performance
d. the results were inconsistent and inconclusive
12. What is the least important reason for delegating to subordinates?
a. get rid of tedious tasks that are time wasters
b. develop subordinate skills and confidence
c. make the job of subordinates more interesting
d. increase subordinate commitment to a task
13. Which is not a defining element of psychological empowerment according to Spreitzer?
a. meaning
b. self efficacy
c. impact
d. timing
14. Which employee trait is least likely to facilitate effective empowerment?
a. high need for achievement
b. external locus of control orientation
c. high self acceptance
d. relevant technical knowledge
15. Which of the following was not a guideline for how to delegate effectively?
a. specify the subordinate's scope of authority and limits of discretion
b. explain the new responsibilities and the expected results
c. arrange for the subordinate to receive relevant information
d. tell the subordinate to report any problems immediately
16. Substantial delegation is most likely to occur when:
a. the manager is confident and secure
b. the task is important
c. subordinate jobs are highly interdependent
d. work procedures are highly standardized
17. Which of the following characteristics of the job or organization is most likely to be a facilitating condition for the effectiveness of empowerment?
a. cultural values emphasizing reliable, efficient operations
b. a competitive strategy of low cost, standard product or service
c. repeated transactions in a continuing relationship with customers
d. a high degree of standardization and formalization
18. In the Vroom-Yetton model of decision participation, the rules for identifying appropriate decision procedures are designed to protect:
a. the leader's responsibility and authority for the decision
b. the rationality of the decision
c. the right of subordinates to be consulted about decisions affecting them
d. the quality of the decision and subordinate acceptance of it
19. Decisions about what to delegate to a subordinate are most likely to be influenced by:
a. how much the subordinate wants the assignment
b. how much the manager is overloaded with extra work
c. how competent and trustworthy the subordinate is
d. how long the subordinate has worked for the manager
20. Which was not recommended as a guideline for psychological empowerment?
a. ensure that control systems are functioning properly
b. provide direct access to relevant information
c. provide adequate resources to support the work
d. encourage initiative and problem solving by employees