Consider a one-period model for the price of a stock s: suppose Its time-0 value S0 is known, and it is known that at T, its value is either Su or Sd. Assume further that V is a derivative on S expiring at time T; suppose it’s time-0 value is l4. and that at time T, it has value U if the stock price is Su or D if the stock price is Sd. Use the arbitrage theorem to prove that the risk-neutral probability is given by
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And
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