Composition - Culture Medium
A standard plant tissue culture medium (Basal medium) contains all the essential macro elements (Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphar, calcium, potassium and magnesium) and iron and microelements(iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron and molybdenum) but the concentration of their salts in different formulations vary. In addition some vitamins and sucrose (2-3%) are universal constituents of plant tissue culture media. The composition of Ms medium (Murashige and Skoog's) medium found satisfactory for a wide range of monocotyledonous and dicotyledons species.
Besides the nutrients, one or more plant growth regulators (PGR7S) are generally required for supporting good growth of the cultured material. The PGR'S most widely used in tissue culture media are auxins (2, 4-D, IAA, NAA, IBA) and cytokinins (BAP, Kinetin). The PGR7s are particularly important for the growth of Callus tissues and organogenic embryogenic differentiation. Usually the medium is gelled with 0.8% bacteriological agar.