1. (TCO 1) Which of the following is a function of modern-day psychologists?
read your thoughts
study conformity
study the future
study how the positions of planets influence a person's personality
2. (TCO 1) Which of the following is the BEST example of psychology's goal of describing behavior?
giving an interest-inventory (test) at a college counseling center to determine what career or college choices would best suit a student
conducting an experiment to determine if watching violent cartoons increases aggressive behavior in preschoolers
videotaping an intersection with four-way stop signs and measuring the ratio of complete to incomplete stops made by drivers
sending first-time drug offenders to an inpatient treatment program rather than to jail
3. (TCO 1) Research has shown that watching aggression on television causes children to become physically more aggressive. As a result, the V-chip was created. What goal of psychology does this best represent?
describing behavior
explaining behavior
predicting behavior
changing behavior
4. (TCO 1) Functionalism was strongly influenced by what previous theory?
Darwin's theory of evolution
structuralism
behaviorism
Pavlov's theory of classical conditioning
5. (TCO 1) The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one's behavior is part of what theory of personality?
psychobiological
psychosocial
psychoanalytic
psychobehavioral
6. (TCO 1) Which one of the following parts of Freudian theory is still accepted by many psychotherapists today?
the influence of sexual drives on behavior
the influence of aggressive drives on behavior
the influence of the unconscious mind on behavior
a and b
7. (TCO 1) The fact that humans can voluntarily choose to engage in behavior is known as ________.
self actualization
free will
conditioning
introspection
8. (TCO 1) Which of the following terms belong together?
structuralism: observable behavior
behaviorism: stimulus-response
psychoanalytic: unconscious conflict
b and c
9. (TCO 2) Basic research is BEST defined as research that _____.
is basic to one field only
advances scientific knowledge
is done to get a grade or a tenured teaching position
solves basic problems encountered by humans and animals in a complex world
10. (TCO 2) What stage of the scientific method would someone be at if they make a prediction that drinking alcohol will make people more violent during a sporting event?
developing a theory
forming a testable hypothesis
designing a study
reviewing the literature of existing theories
11. (TCO 2) Debriefing is _____.
interviewing subjects after a study to find out what they were thinking during their participation
explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and deceptions used when the study is over
disclosing potential physical and emotional risks, and the nature of the study prior to its beginning
interviewing subjects after a study to determine whether any deceptions were effective in preventing them from learning the true purpose of the study
12. (TCO 2) A researcher would use __________ research, if they were interested in determining whether listening to subliminal advertising causes an increase in sales of products.
descriptive
correlational
naturalistic observation
experimental
13. (TCO 2) Which scientific method of research would be used if a college student running for student body president was trying to determine whether to emphasize campus security, improved parking facilities, or increased health services in their campaign?
a case study
naturalistic observation
an experiment
a survey
14. (TCO 2) The BEST definition of a dependent variable is _____.
a measurable behavior that is affected by the independent variable
a variable that is controlled by the experimenter and is applied to the participant to determine its effect
a variable that is kept constant during an experiment to prevent contamination of other variables
a variable that cannot do anything by itself
15. (TCO 2) One of the BEST ways to deal with ethnocentrism in scientific research is to _____.
create culturally diverse research review committees
provide cultural sensitivity training to all researchers
use cross-cultural sampling
ignore it because cultural universals are more prevalent than cultural specifics
16. (TCO 2) Which is the stronger correlation, -1.00 or +1.00?
+1.00
They are the same.
-1.00
Neither; -1.00 does not exist.
17. (TCO 3) Genes are found on chromosomes and _____.
contain threadlike double-strands of DNA molecules
determine what traits you will possess
are precursor cells that give birth to new cells
increase during prenatal development
18. (TCO 3) What is the basic function of a neuron?
to maintain the structure of the brain
to connect the spine with the hands and feet
to release chemicals into the blood stream
to transmit information throughout the nervous system
19. (TCO 3) The message that travels along an axon of a neuron is called a(n) ____________.
neurotransmission
action potential
mylinazation
chemical impulse
20. (TCO 3) The resting potential of a neuron is approximately ___________.
40 millivolts
(TCO ) -70 millivolts
0 millivolts
(TCO ) +70 millivolts
21. (TCO 3) Chemical messengers that are released by axons and stimulate dendrites on another neuron are called _____.
chemical messengers
neurotransmitters
synaptic transmitters
neuromessengers
22. (TCO 3) This neurotransmitter affects sleep, appetite, and emotional states, among other behaviors.
acetylcholine
dopamine
norepinephrine
serotonin
23. (TCO 3) One of the hormones released by the adrenal glands in response to stress is ________.
cortisol
serotonin
dopamine
GABA
24. (TCO3) The peripheral nervous system _____.
is composed of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves
is less important than the central nervous system
is contained within the skull and spinal column
includes all the nerves and neurons outside the brain and spinal cord
25. (TCO 3) In the study mentioned in the textbook, rats with spinal cord damage implanted with embryonic stem cells ___________.
showed improvements in the damaged areas in the spinal cord.
showed no improvements in the damaged areas in the spinal cord.
showed no improvements in other paralyzed areas of the body.
showed improvements in the damaged area of the spinal cord and the paralyzed areas of the body.
26. (TCO 3) When a student raises her hand so that she can answer a teacher's question, ___________ division of the nervous system was responsible for her hand going up.
central nervous system
autonomic nervous system
somatic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
27. (TCO 3) After arguing with her husband over dinner, Sue developed a stomach ache. This was probably because ___________________________.
her sympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument
her parasympathetic nervous system activated and shut down digestion during the argument
her endocrine system sent out too many hormones to her stomach
her central nervous system signaled for too much acid to be produced in her stomach
28. (TCO 3) Many symptoms of schizophrenia, like hearing voices, misunderstanding social cues, and misinterpreting sensory information could be due to abnormalities in the _____.
reticular formation
hypothalamus
thalamus
all of these options
29. (TCO 3) Which of the following is a characteristic of the cerebral cortex?
It involves emotions and memory.
It controls both autonomic and voluntary behavior.
It regulates reflexive behavior.
It is responsible for higher mental processes.
30. (TCO 3) _____ area is found in the temporal lobe, and is involved with language comprehension.
Broca's
The association
Gage's
Wernicke's