NECESSARY INFORMATION:
Chris
Chris has been working at Adonis for five years. He is fully aware of Adonis's bonus program and believes employees always get a bonus if they perform well and never if they perform poorly. He has determined that those who take such routine assignments will definitely not experience interesting or challenging work.
Rather, he is sure the work will be totally boring and simple. Regarding compliments, he believes managers are somewhat inconsistent in giving compliments for good performance with a correlation between the two of about .20. Chris avoids the complexity of growth, avoiding at all costs, preferring a simple life.
Chris highly values management attention. As for money, Chris claims that he can take or leave money. When asked what he thought of his ability to do the job, Chris felt he would be able to obtain all 500 responses. When hired, Chris was given several tests by the human resources department. His scores are 8 for Sociability, 8 for Charisma, and 8 for Spanish Fluency.
Ruth
Ruth began work at Adonis just one month before you took your job. She believes that Adonis is typical and that promised bonuses are always delivered for good performance and never provided for bad performance.
She is certain that simple, non-interesting, non-challenging work is always the result of taking such a routine assignment. Regarding compliments, she believes that they are generally delivered consistently by managers for good performance with a correlation of about .80 between the two. Ruth can take or leave growth in her job. Money is foremost in her mind; she claims it is about the only reason she works. Ruth values compliments but a bit less than she values money.
When asked to estimate her ability to get 500 answers to a survey about the firm's clothing, Ruth was a bit unsure but felt she could definitely obtain 400 of the 500 responses needed. As a very recent hire, Ruth was also given a number of tests. Her scores are 7 for Sociability, 7 for Charisma, and 4 for Spanish Fluency.
NOTES TO SOLVE QUESTION:
Expectancy (express as 0 to 1.0)
Probability that effort leads to performance
Instrumentality (express as -1.0 to + 1.0)
Perceived connection between performance and an outcome. Negative means receive opposite of reward or lesser chance of desired reward.
Valence (express as -5 to +5)
Value placed on the outcome
MF = E x S (I x V); P = MF x A
MF = Motivational Force
E = Expectancy (E shows the
perceived relationship
between effort and
performance success as %.)
I = Instrumentality
V = Valence
P = Performance
A = Ability
Question: (B) Will Chris or Ruth have the greater motivation per expectancy theory, USE AND SHOW THE EQUATION ABOVE.