When the company 1-800-FLOWERS was created, its founder/owner led rapid growth in its early years. Eventually, however, employees became disengaged because they no longer saw the direction the company was headed. Frustration built leading to a crisis of autonomy and declined growth. A new business manager was hired. Let's pretend that the new CEO read our reading 5. As a result, he likely tried to rekindle growth by:
Decentralizing the organizational design and its decision making
Creating independent business units that focus better on their customer’s needs
Centralizing leadership requiring alignment of business unit strategies and approval from headquarters for strategic decisions
Both 1 and 2 are likely