A student wants to assess whether her dog Muffin tends to chase her blue ball more often than she chases her red ball. The student rolls both a blue ball and a red ball at the same time and observes which ball Muffin chooses to chase. Repeating this process a total of 96 times, the student finds that Muffin chased the blue ball 52 times and the red ball 44 times.
(a) What is the variable in this study?
(b) State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses, in words and in symbols.
(c) Calculate the test statistic and p-value.
(d) Would you reject the null hypothesis at the α = .10 significance level? Explain.
(e) Write a one-sentence conclusion to the student, summarizing what the data reveal about whether her dog Muffin tends to chase her blue ball more often than her red ball. Include an explanation of what the p-value means in the context of this study.