Calculate the overall formation constant for each of the


In an estuary, free Zn2+ will form complexes with the Cl- as below where log Kf are the formation (stability) constants: 

Zn2+ + Cl- = ZnCl+  (log Kf1 = 0.40)

ZnCl+ + Cl- = ZnCl2  (log Kf2 = 0.60)

ZnCl2 + Cl- = ZnCl3-  (log Kf3 = 0.50)

ZnCl3- + Cl- = ZnCl42-  (log Kf4 = 0.20)

(a) Write out the equation for the overall (not stepwise) formation of each complex.

(b) Calculate the overall formation constant, β, for each of the four Zn complexes

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Chemistry: Calculate the overall formation constant for each of the
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