Disinfection by chlorine (HOCl/OCl-) is widely used to reduce pathogens in drinking water. The ratio of HOCl/OCl- in water is pH-dependent.
Because HOCl is a much stronger disinfectant than OCl-, a typical goal is to achieve [HOCl] = 2 mg/L as Cl2 (i.e., 2.82´10-5 M of HOCl) in order to maintain sufficient disinfection efficiency.
Calculate the acidity constant of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) at 25°C, I = 0.0 M.
HOCl = H+ + OCl- Ka = {H+}{OCl-}/{HOCl}
Is HOCl acid dissociation endothermic or exothermic?
Suppose the source water is at 25°C, I = 0.0 M, and pH = -log{H+} = 7.8, how much total chlorine needs to be added to the water in order to achieve [HOCl] = 2 mg/L as Cl2?