1. By using sound waves, signals allow oceanographers to determine ocean depth.
A. sonar
B. radar
C. radio
D. phone
2. Because of changes over time, the most accurate weather forecasts are
A. analog forecasts.
B. short-term forecasts.
C. seven-days forecasts.
D. long-term forecasts.
3. Which statement best describes saturation?
A. Saturation refers to the lack of rainfall on a given day.
B. Saturation is reached when the amount of water vapor in the air has reached the maximum amount.
C. Saturation occurs only in hot, dry climates.
D. Saturation refers to the total rainfall for a year.
4. What is the total salt content of seawater as measured in parts per thousand (ppt)?
A. 3 ppt
B. 35 ppt
C. 350 ppt
D. 3.5 ppt
5. Climate is best described as
A. the areas only where the temperatures drop below freezing.
B. the daily weather as predicted by a meteorologist.
C. the long-term average of weather variations in a specific area.
D. the short-term average of weather variations in a specific area.
6. Lightning heats the surrounding air to
A. 30,000°C.
B. 300°C.
C. 3,000°C.
D. 300,000°C.
7. The greenhouse effect is a result of
A. consumption and radiation of energy in the atmosphere.
B. absorption and radiation of energy in the hydrosphere.
C. consumption of fruits and vegetables that produce a biofuel.
D. absorption and radiation of energy in the atmosphere.
8. The three stages in the development of a full tropical cyclone are formative, mature, and
A. tropical cyclone.
B. tornado.
C. dissipation.
D. damage.
9. Which of the following is an example of a long-term climatic change?
A. Summer
B. Ice age
C. Winter
D. Blizzard
10. Submerged basaltic volcanoes that are higher than 1 km are called
A. seamounts.
B. abyssal plains.
C. guyots.
D. hydrothermal vents.
11. Which of the following is not a major ocean on Earth?
A. Pacific
B. Indian
C. Atlantic
D. Southern
12. An extended period of well-below-average rainfall is known as a
A. draft.
B. heat wave.
C. drought.
D. flood.
13. Which of the following is not a layer of the atmosphere?
A. Lithosphere
B. Thermosphere
C. Exosphere
D. Mesosphere
14. Which area in the United States has the highest average number of thunderstorms per year?
A. Southwestern
B. Mid-Atlantic
C. Southeastern
D. Northwestern
15. Hydrogenous sediments originate from elements in
A. seawater.
B. cold water.
C. warm water.
D. freshwater.
16. Which of the following is not a natural cause of climatic change?
A. Earth's tilt
B. Human activity
C. Volcanic activity
D. Solar activity
17. Most tornadoes carry wind speeds that range from
A. 1 to 105 km per hour.
B. 105 to 177 km per hour.
C. 178 to 266 km per hour.
D. 267 to 322 km per hour.
18. The level of the oceans' surfaces is known as level.
A. surface
B. volcanic oceanic
C. sea
D. atmospheric
19. A is a rhythmic movement that carries energy through space or matter.
A. trough
B. crest
C. wave
D. tide
20. The area in which sediment is deposited along the shore is the
A. cove.
B. beach.
C. cave.
D. current.