As we look at nomenclature of compounds there will be a

Question

1. (Sect 2.1)  

a. Look at the four postulates of Dalton's theories.  One of these postulates turned out to be not entirely correct.   Can you tell which one it is?  And why?

b. The Law of Constant Composition refers to the consistency of the ____________

in a ________________________; whereas, the Law of Conservation of Mass refers to:

Note: Section 2.2 contains some great historical points of interest, but you will not be held responsible for the details of this section for quizzes or exams.

2. (Sect 2.3)

a. The atom consists of 3 subatomic particles, they are: ___________, __________, and ____________.  The nucleus contains only the _______________ and ______________.

b. It would take the mass of __________ electrons to equal the mass of 1 proton.

c. Notice the information for the element carbon is given as .

Which is the mass number?  _____________ Which is the atomic number?  _____________

Does this representation differ from the information given in the Periodic Table found on the inside cover of your book?

d. Isotopes have a different number of ________________.

3. (Sect 2.4)

Atomic mass units (amu) help us mathematically 'deal' with the smallness of the mass at the atomic level.

1 amu = 1.66 x 10^-24 grams .....wow that is small!!

By definition one ¹²C atom has the mass of 12 amu.  Find this information in your Periodic Table, why is the value in the Periodic Table slightly larger than 12? 

4. (Sect 2.5)

a. There are three types of elements on the Periodic Table.  What are they?

 _________________, ___________________, __________________

And where can they be found on the Periodic Table?

b. Some groups of the periodic table are lucky enough to have their own names, which groups are those and what are their names? (Use the textbook, not Wikipedia)

5. (Sect 2.6)  

What is the difference between a molecular formula and an empirical formula?

6. (Sect 2.7) 

a. A cation is: ____________________       An anion is: _____________________

 

b. Look at the group 7A, 6A and 5A anions on the period table and their charge.   Give logical reason for their charge.

7. (Sect 2.8)  As we look at nomenclature of compounds there will be a distinct set of rules for naming ionic compounds (salts) versus molecular compounds.  Ionic compounds are composed of cations (metals with a + charge) and anions (non-metals with a - charge) and molecular compounds are composed of only non-metals.

Which type of compound (ionic or molecular) is each of the following?

a.  sodium chloride   __________________

b. MgSO₄ __________________

c. dinitrogen tetroxide__________________

d. P₄S_{10___________________________}