Questions -
Q1. Appropriate Transfer Prices: Opportunity Costs
Plains Peanut Butter Company recently acquired a peanut-processing company that has a normal annual capacity of 3,000,000 pounds and that sold 2,700,000 pounds last year at a price of $2.00 per pound. The purpose of the acquisition is to furnish peanuts for the peanut butter plant, which needs 700,000 pounds of peanuts per year. It has been purchasing peanuts from suppliers at the market price. Production costs per pound of the peanut-processing company are as follows:
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Direct materials
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$0.50
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Direct labor
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0.26
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Variable overhead
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0.11
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Fixed overhead at normal capacity
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0.21
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Total
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$1.08
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Management is trying to decide what transfer price to use for sales from the newly acquired Peanut Division to the Peanut Butter Division. The manager of the Peanut Division argues that $2.00, the market price, is appropriate. The manager of the Peanut Butter Division argues that the cost price of $1.08 (or perhaps even less) should be used since fixed overhead costs should be recomputed. Any output of the Peanut Division up to 2,700,000 pounds that is not sold to the Peanut Butter Division could be sold to regular customers at $2.00 per pound.
(a) Compute the annual gross profit for the Peanut Division using a transfer price of $2.00.
(b) Compute the annual gross profit for the Peanut Division using a transfer price of $1.08.
Q2. Income Statements Segmented by Territory
Script, Inc., has two product lines. The September income statements of each product line and the company are as follows:
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SCRIPT, INC.
Product Line and Company Income Statements
For Month of September
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Pens
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Pencils
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Total
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Sales
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$25,000
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$30,000
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$55,000
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Less variable expenses
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(10,000)
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(12,000)
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(22,000)
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Contribution margin
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15,000
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18,000
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33,000
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Less direct fixed expenses
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(9,000)
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(8,000)
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(17,000)
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Product margin
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$6,000
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$10,000
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$16,000
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Less common fixed expenses
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(6,000)
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Net income
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$10,000
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Pens and pencils are sold in two territories, Florida and Alabama, as follows:
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Florida
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Alabama
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Pen sales
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$14,000
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$11,000
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Pencil sales
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4,000
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26,000
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Total sales
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$18,000
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$37,000
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The preceding common fixed expenses are traceable to each territory as follows:
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Florida fixed expenses
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$2,000
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Alabama fixed expenses
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3,000
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Home office administration fixed expenses
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1,000
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Total common fixed expenses
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$6,000
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The direct fixed expenses of pens, $9,000, and of pencils, $8,000, cannot be identified with either territory. The company's accountants were unable to allocate any of the common fixed expenses to the various segments.
Prepare income statements segmented by territory for September, including a column for the entire firm.
Q3. Time Value of Money: Basics
1. An initial investment of $37,260 is to be returned in eight equal annual payments. Determine the amount of each payment if the interest rate is 6 percent.
2. A proposed investment will provide cash flows of $50,000, $8,000, and $5,000 at the end of Years 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Using a discount rate of 16 percent, determine the present value of these cash flows.
3. Find the present value of an investment that will pay $9,000 at the end of Years 10, 11, and 12. Use a discount rate of 10 percent.
Q4. NPV and IRR: Equal Annual Net Cash Inflows
Apache Junction Company is evaluating a capital expenditure proposal that requires an initial investment of $9,460, has predicted cash inflows of $2,000 per year for 16 years, and has no salvage value.
(a) Using a discount rate of 16 percent, determine the net present value of the investment proposal.
(b) Determine the proposal's internal rate of return.
(c) What discount rate would produce a net present value of zero?
Q5. Ranking Investment Proposals:
Payback Period, Accounting Rate of Return, and Net Present Value
Presented is information pertaining to the cash flows of three mutually exclusive investment proposals:
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Proposal X
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Proposal Y
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Proposal Z
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Initial investment
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$52,000
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$52,000
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$52,000
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Cash flow from operations
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|
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Year 1
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50,000
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26,000
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52,000
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Year 2
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2,000
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26,000
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|
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Year 3
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27,000
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27,000
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Disinvestment
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0
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0
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0
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Life (years)
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3 years
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3 years
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1 year
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(a) Select the best investment proposal using the payback period, the accounting rate of return on initial investment, and the net present value criteria. Assume that the organization's cost of capital is 10 percent.