1. Which of the following is NOT true of microorganisms?
· They produce antibiotics.
· They are used in the production of many types of food and beverages.
· They decompose dead animals.
· They all cause disease in humans.
2. Which of the following is NOT one of the phases of bacterial growth
· lag phase
· stationary phase
· doubling phase
· log phase
3. Which of the following is NOT a differential stain?
· Gram stain
· Schaeffer-Fulton
· acid-fast stain
· flagellar stain
4. In a properly executed Gram stain, Gram positive organisms appear ______ while Gram negative organisms appear ______
· pink, clear.
· pink, purple.
· purple, pink.
· purple, blue.
5. Classification is necessary to _________
· establish criteria for identifying organisms.
· arrange related organisms into groups.
· provide information about how organisms evolved.
· All of the above
6. An organism that lives at the expense of another organism is a ________
· host.
· commensal.
· parasite.
· symbiont.
7. Undercooked pork is most likely to pass along ________
· Schistosoma.
· Taenia.
· Wuchereria.
· Trichinella.
8. Arthropods are responsible for transmitting _____ pathogens.
· viral
· bacterial
· protozoan
· viral, bacterial, and protozoan
9. Symbiosis is an association between ________
· two or more species.
· one or two species.
· two or more hosts.
· no species but all hosts.
· all species but not hosts.
10. All of the following are true of the relationship between microorganisms and diseases EXCEPT:
· Sickle cell anemia patients are resistant to malaria.
· Bacterial infections can lead to endocarditis.
· Viral infections invariably lead to nutritional deficiency.
· Infections in the brain can result in mental disease.
11. Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in a typical viruses replication cycle?
· Maturation, adsorption, penetration, release
· Adsorption, penetration, release, maturation
· Adsorption, penetration, synthesis, maturation
· Adsorption, penetration, maturation, synthesis
12. What special group of chemical substances are used to treat diseases by microbes?
· Antibiotics
· Synthetic drugs
· Semi-synthetic drugs
· Antimicrobial agents
· Chemotherapeutic agents
13. Which of the following is NOT considered a mode of action by antimicrobial agents?
· Action as an antimetabolite
· Inhibition of protein synthesis
· Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
· Inhibition of membrane permeability
· Disruption of selective toxicity
14. All of the following characteristics are components of nonspecific host defenses EXCEPT:
· Fever
· Mucus
· Antibodies
· Interferon
· Inflammation
15. What name is given to a substance that is recognized by the body as foreign and normally produces an immune response?
· Antibody
· Antigen
· Agglutinin
· Antitoxin
· Apoptosis
16. There are a number of different species that can live on the skin as resident microflora. Which of the following is NOT considered resident microflora of the skin?
· Staphylococcus
· Corynebacterium
· E. coli
· Demodex
· All of the above
17. Defense mechanisms in the urogenital system are numerous and include ________
· normal flora complete with opportunists.
· sphincter muscles.
· flushing action of fluids.
· low pH.
· All of the above
18. Food poisoning can be caused by a variety of microbes. Which of the following pairs is incorrect?
· Clostridium botulinum - enterotoxin which is heat liable
· Staphylococcus aureus - enterotoxin which is heat stable
· Pseudomonas cocovenenans - bongkrek disease
· Bacillus cereus - toxin is an emetic
· Clostridium perfringens - enterotoxin and wound infection
19. The upper respiratory tract consists of the ________
A. pharynx.
B. nasal cavity.
C. bronchi.
D. All of the above
E. Only A and B
20. Group B Streptococcal disease include ________
A. early onset neonatal sepsis and meningitis.
B. late onset neonatal meningitis.
C. etiology is Streptococcus agalactiae.
D. All of the above
E. Only A and C
21. In closed environments, such as military bases, dormitories, and day-care centers, 90% of the population can be carriers of this organism, yet only 1 per 1000 develops the meningitis. What is the etiology?
· Neisseria meningitidis
· Haemophilus influenzae
· Streptococcus pneumoniae
· Listeria monocytogenes
22. Food contamination occurs as a result of ________
A. unsanitary practices by food handlers.
B. improper storage.
C. importation.
D. All of the above
E. Only A and B