All of the following are considered exceptions to the general rule that there is no duty to rescue except:
a) Contract-lifeguards, for example have signed contracts agreeing to rescue people in exchange for pay and benefits.
b)Witnessing an accident-this creates a duty to step in and help the injured
c) child abuse - statutes in nearly all states require that one report suspected child abuse
d) Endangerment - if one puts another in danger, than he/she is obligaged to rescue that person.