Chapman, Inc., sells a single product, Zud, which has a budgeted selling price of $24 per unit and a budgeted variable cost of $12 per unit. Budgeted fixed costs for the year amount to $45,000. Actual sales volume for the year (47,000) fell 3,000 units short of budgeted sales volume. Actual fixed costs were $46,000. With everything else held constant, what impact did the shortfall in volume have on profitability for the year?