A surface condenser is designed as a two-tube-pass shell-andtube type heat exchanger at 10 kPa (hfg = 2007.5 kJ/kg, Ts = 45°C). Coolant water enters the tubes at 15°C and leaves at 25°C. The coefficient is 300 W/m2 · K. The tubing is thin walled, 5 cm inside diameter, made of carbon-steel, and the length of the heat exchanger is 2 m. Calculate the
a. LMTD
b. Steam mass flow rate
c. Surface area of the condenser
d. Number of tubes
e. Effectiveness, ε.