A. Leader prescriptions
- Assign everyone the role of critical evaluator.
- Be impartial; do not state preferences.
- Assign the devil's advocate role to at least one group member.
- Use outside experts to challenge the group.
- Be open to dissenting points of view.
B. Organisational prescriptions
- Set up several independent groups to study the same issue.
- Train managers and group leaders in groupthink prevention techniques.
C. Individual prescriptions
- Discuss group deliberations with a trusted outsider; report back to the group.
D. Process prescriptions
- Periodically break the group into subgroups to discuss the issues.
- Take time to study external factors.
- Hold second-chance meetings to rethink issues before making a commitment.