A Francis turbine operates at its maximum efficiency point at η0 = 0.94, corresponding to a power specific speed of 0.9 rad. The effective head across the turbine is 160 m and the speed required for electrical generation is 750 rpm. The runner tip speed is 0.7 times the spouting velocity, the absolute flow angle at runner entry is 72° from the radial direction, and the absolute flow at runner exit is without swirl. Assuming there are no losses in the guide vanes and the mechanical efficiency is 100%, determine
a. the turbine power and the volume flow rate;
b. the runner diameter;
c. the magnitude of the tangential component of the absolute velocity at runner inlet;
d. the axial length of the runner vanes at inlet.