A cognitive psychologists knows that concrete words, which easily evoke images (.e.g. "sunset", "truck") are easier to remember than abstract words, but she would like to know if those who frequently use visual imagery differ from those with little visual imagery when trying to memorize these two types of words. She conducts a 2X2 experiment with give subjects in each cell and measures the number of words each subject recalls. The data appear in the following table:
|
|
visualizers
|
Nonvisualizers
|
|
Concrete words
|
17
20
18
21
20
T=96
|
18
19
17
17
20
T=91
|
|
Abstract words
|
14
15
15
17
16
T=77
|
18
18
17
17
19
T=89
|
|
G=353, ΣX2=6295
|
|
|
a. State all the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses
b. Carry out the appropriate test and summarize all the information in an ANOVA summary table
c. State your conclusions
d. Create a plot for the data