A 6-bit R-2R ladder D/A converter has a reference voltage of 6.5V. It meets standard linearity.Find
(i) The Resolution in Percent.
(ii) The output voltage for the word 011100.
Ans. Given Number of Bits (n) = 6
Reference Voltage (VR) = 6.5 V
So for R-2R Ladder D/A Converter,
(i)The Resolution in Percent is specified by
1/(2n-1) = 1/(26-1) = 1/63 = 1.59%
(ii)The Output Voltage (VO) of six-bit R-2R Ladder D to A Converter for the word 011100 is specified by
V0 = VR/2n[an-12n-1 + an-22n-2 +...........+a121 + a020]
V0 = 6.5/26[0.2 x 26-1 + 1 x 26-2 +1 x 26-1 + 0 x 20]
V0 = 6.5/26[24 + 23 + 22]
V0 = 2.84 V.