A 1m diameter pipe bend is carrying water with a steady flow rate of 2 m3/s. The bend has an angle of 90o and lies in a horizontal plane. The volume of water in the bend is 1.5 m3 and the empty weight of the bend is 4 kN. Assume the pressure along the centreline of the bend is constant with a gauge value of 75 kN/m2. Find the net force required to hold the bend in place