Water

Water:

Water is a main constituent in the body of all living organisms. The amount of water in the lean body mass (mass of the body-fat content) is steady at around 71 to 78 % in animals together with human beings.

The net body water content differs with age, sex and body weight. In an infant child it is 85 to 90 % of body weight. In young adults it ranges from 55 to 60 %.

Out of the total body water, around 2/3 is found as intra-cellular fluid (ICF) and 1/3 as extra-cellular fluid (ECF). Around 25% of ECF is the plasma of blood.

The body water content is reserved constant by maintaining an appropriate balance among water intake and loss. Intake of water occurs through drinking of water and beverages, water in the food consumed and water produced during metabolism. The average water intake is about 2500 ml/day (as water 1400 ml).

Water loss occurs via four routes. They are

(A) Urine (around 1400ml)
(B) Expiration (400ml)
(C) Via skin (600ml)
(D) Loss in faeces (around 100ml)

Role of water:

1. It is a necessary constituent of all the cells of the body.

2. It serves as a transport intermediate for nutrients and excretory products.

3. It serves as a site for all chemical reactions.

4. It is a precious solvent for enzymes, electrolytes, hormones and vitamins.

5. It plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the body temperature.

6. It helps to sustain form and feel of tissues.

 

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