Structure of sarcomere

Structure of sarcomere:

Whenever a sarcomere is observed beneath a microscope, we could see alternative dense (i.e., A band) and light bands (i.e., I band).  The central area of the A band is frequently less dense and is termed as the “H Zone”. The ‘I band’ is bisected by a dense narrow line, the Z line.  Therefore each sarcomere comprises repeating units among two Z lines in linear order as Z line, I band, A band, I band and next Z line.

Electron microscopic studies have exposed that the striations are due to the customary arrangement of 2 kinds of protein filaments.  ‘A band’ has a set of thick filaments formed of the contractile protein myosin. It might range up to 110 Ao in diameter and 1.5 micron in length.

The second set of thin filaments (range 50 Ao diameter) overlap the elongated filaments in ‘A band’. The second set of filaments expands partly in ‘I band’ and partly in ‘A band’. Such filaments are formed of a substance termed as Actin.

Myosin, tropomyosin, actin, and troponin are the four main proteins that constitute the contractile machinery of muscle fiber. The energy for muscle action is given by ATP molecules.

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