Stimulation of hair cells

Stimulation of hair cells:

Movements of the foot plate of stapes set up a sequence of waves in the perilymph of the scala vestibuli. This in return causes vibrations of the vestibular membrane and therefore of the endolymph in the scala media. Such waves deflect the Reissner’s membrane and this in return generates disturbances in the basilar membrane that bend the hairs of hair cells in the organ of Corti. This leads to the development of action potentials in the associated nerve fibers that are transmitted all along the auditory nerve.

The location of maximum distortion in the organ of Corti is recognized by the frequency of sound, for high pitched sounds the maximum height of the waves is close to the base of the cochlea and for low pitched close to the apex. The extent of distortion is examined by the loudness of sound. Interpretation of such impulses is made in the auditory cortex.

Sound waves → vibrate tymphanic membrane → movements in ear ossicle chain → vibration of oval window → waves in perilymph (scala vestibuli) → waves in endolymph → deflection in the Reissner’s  membrane → basilar membrane disturbed → bending of hair cells → action potential → transmission by auditory nerve.

 

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