Regulation of respiration

Regulation of respiration:

In brain, the medulla oblongata has a respiratory center. It controls breathing. The respiratory center consists of an expiratory center and an inspiratory center. The axons from the nerve cells of such centers lead to the intercostals muscle via the intercostals nerves and the diaphragm through the phrenic nerves. Such nerve fibres transmit impulses to the exterior intercostal muscles and internal intercostal muscles alternately. The walls of the alveoli have sense endings that are stimulated by modifications in the tension of alveolar walls.

Whenever the alveoli are stretched at the elevation of inspiration the receptors send stimuli to the expiratory center of the medulla via the vagus nerve that inhibits further inspiration. This series of events is termed as Herring – Breuer reflex.

Additionally, the medulla has a pneumotaxic center that is connected to the breathing centre and helps to make sure rhythmic breathing. Throughout inspiration, the inspiratory portion of the respiratory center sends impulses to the pneumotaxic center that responds by sending impulses to the expiratory portion of the respiratory center. The expiratory center is then started and therefore the inspiratory center is inhibited reflexly, respiratory rhythm is controlled in this way by such centers in the brain.

 

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