Rearing includes the following stages:
Choosing of eggs, incubation and hatching of eggs, brooding or care of new born, accommodation of poultry, feeding of poultry are the vital steps in rearing of chickens.
1. Selection of eggs:
Eggs meant for hatching and rearing should be chosen very cautiously. The following points must be considered during the choice of eggs.
(a)The egg must be fertile
(b) Over-sized and small sized eggs must not be chosen rather medium sized must be preferred
(c) Dark-brown shelled eggs hatch prior as compared to light-brown shelled eggs
(d) Newly laid eggs are favored for rearing.
2. Incubation and hatching:
The fertilized hen’s eggs undergo growth during incubation and hatching procedures. The wholly formed bird emerges out of egg subsequent to a hatching period of 21-22 days. During this period the egg should acquire optimum temperature, humidity and ventilation and so on. The maintenance of newly laid eggs in optimum circumstances till hatching is termed as incubation.
The incubation is of two kind’s namely natural incubation and artificial incubation. In the natural incubation technique, the eggs are subjected to the concern of mother. Only a restricted number of eggs can be incubated by a mother hen. In artificial incubation the eggs are sustained in a chamber (i.e., incubator) that stimulates the optimum environmental situation. In artificial incubation more number of eggs can be incubated as compare to natural incubation.3. Brooding:
Brooding is the care and management of young chickens for 4-6 weeks instantly after hatching. Similar to incubation, brooding also has the natural and artificial techniques. In former, day-old chickens are left to the care of mother and in the later temperature controlled artificial brooder is utilized.
4. Housing of poultry:
Open sided poultry is admired in many countries. The main objective of providing housing to poultry is to defend them from rain, sun, and predators and to offer comfort. Poultry house must be well ventilated. It must be kept cool in summer and hot in winter. The floor of the poultry house must be rat proof, moisture-proof, free from cracks, easily cleanable and durable.5. Poultry feeding:
Feeding of poultry bird is a significant portion of rearing. The diet of chickens should contain sufficient quantity of water, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. The food stuffs like maize, barley, sorghums, wheat, rice and so on are to be offered in standard needs.
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